Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775 – 1851) was an English Romantic painter, printmaker and watercolourist.
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Joseph Mallord William Turner RA (1775 – 1851), known contemporarily as William Turner, was an English Romantic painter, printmaker, and watercolorist. He is known for his expressive colorizations, imaginative landscapes, and turbulent, often violent marine paintings.

Turner was born in Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, London, to a modest lower-middle-class family. He lived in London all his life, retaining his Cockney accent and assiduously avoiding the trappings of success and fame.

A child prodigy, Turner studied at the Royal Academy of Arts from 1789, enrolling when he was 14, and exhibited his first work there at 15. During this period, he also served as an architectural draftsman. He earned a steady income from commissions and sales, which due to his troubled, contrary nature, were often begrudgingly accepted. He opened his own gallery in 1804 and became professor of perspective at the academy in 1807, where he lectured until 1828, although he was viewed as profoundly inarticulate. He traveled to Europe from 1802, typically returning with voluminous sketchbooks.

Intensely private, eccentric and reclusive, Turner was a controversial figure throughout his career. He did not marry, but fathered two daughters, Eveline (1801–1874) and Georgiana (1811–1843), by his housekeeper Sarah Danby. He became more pessimistic and morose as he got older, especially after the death of his father, after which his outlook deteriorated, his gallery fell into disrepair and neglect, and his art intensified. He lived in squalor and poor health from 1845 and died in London in 1851 aged 76. Turner is buried in Saint Paul’s Cathedral, London.

Some of Turner Selected Art Works
Turner was an extremely prolific artist who left behind more than 550 oil paintings, 2,000 watercolours, and 30,000 paper works. The Tate Gallery in London produces the most comprehensive and up to date catalogue of Turner works held in both public and private collections worldwide.

1796: Fishermen at Sea, Tate Gallery, London
1803: Bonneville, Savoy, Dallas Museum of Art
1806: The Battle of Trafalgar, as Seen from the Mizen Starboard Shrouds of the Victory, Tate Gallery, London
1809: The Trout Stream, Taft Museum, Cincinnati
1812: Snow Storm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps, Tate Gallery, London
1815: Dido Building Carthage, or, The Rise of the Carthaginian Empire, National Gallery, London
1815: Crossing the Brook, Tate Gallery, London
1817: Eruption of Vesuvius, Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut
1817: Raby Castle, the Seat of the Earl of Darlington, Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
1818: Dort or Dordrecht: The Dort packet-boat from Rotterdam becalmed, Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut
1822: The Battle of Trafalgar, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London
1826: Cologne: The Arrival of a Packet-Boat: Evening, Frick Collection, New York
1829: Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus, National Gallery, London
1834: Venice: The Dogana and San Giorgio Maggiore, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC
1834: The Fountain of Indolence, Beaverbrook Art Gallery, Fredericton
1835: The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia
1835: The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons, Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland
1835: The Grand Canal, Venice, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
1835: The Piazzetta, Venice, Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh
1836: Juliet and Her Nurse. Exh. Royal Academy
1836: Mercury and Argus. reworked 1840. National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, purchased 1951 . no.5795 .
1838: The Fighting Temeraire Tugged to Her Last Berth to Be Broken up, National Gallery, London
1839: Modern Rome – Campo Vaccino, J. Paul Getty Museum
1839: Ancient Rome; Agrippina Landing with the Ashes of Germanicus, Tate